Dark circles under the eyes? We hear you. Dark circles are one of the most common skincare concerns, making us appear tired and lacklustre. But what actually causes these pesky shadows, and how can we effectively treat them? Understanding the science behind dark circles is the first step in combating them. Let's dive into the biological factors at play and explore evidence-based routines to reduce and prevent dark circles.
Although dark circles are often hereditary and passed down through genetics, they can also be the result of several underlying factors that can vary from person to person:
The skin around the eyes is incredibly delicate, measuring about 0.5 mm in thickness compared to the average of 2 mm on other parts of the body. As a result, this thin skin makes blood vessels more visible, contributing to a darker appearance.
When blood pools in the capillaries beneath the eyes, it can create a bluish tint. This can be due to poor circulation, allergies, or fatigue, which cause blood vessels to dilate.
Hyperpigmentation, or an increase in melanin production, can occur due to sun exposure, ageing, genetics, or hormonal changes. This can result in darkened skin under the eyes.
As we age, the natural fat pads under the eyes diminish, leading to a sunken appearance. As a result, this hollowness creates shadows that can look like dark circles.
Lastly, puffy eyes from fluid retention can cast shadows, making dark circles more noticeable. This can be caused by a high-sodium diet, lack of sleep, allergies, or hormonal changes.
Above all, understanding the root causes allows us to choose targeted treatments that address the specific issues behind dark circles. We spoke to our skincare expert, Charlotte Connoley and asked her to share her top tips on how to tackle dark eye circles:
Applying a cold compress can constrict blood vessels, reducing their visibility. Cold temperatures reduce blood flow, which helps decrease swelling and dark appearance. Use chilled cucumber slices or a cold spoon over your eyes for a few minutes daily.
Caffeine has vasoconstricting properties, meaning that blood vessels narrow, and blood flow is more restricted. Eye creams containing caffeine can temporarily reduce the pooling of blood under the eyes. Our Super Facialist Vitamin C+ Brightening Eye Cream with Caffeine is formulated with caffeine and light-diffusers, offering your under eye an instantly brighter look.
“I wish I had started using an eye cream sooner, as it’s essential for the delicate eye area, the thinnest skin on the body. Apply eye cream right after cleansing to ensure it penetrates effectively, rather than over serum or moisturiser, to keep this area protected and hydrated."
-Charlotte Connoley, Resident Skin Expert and Facialist
This powerful antioxidant can inhibit melanin production, working to brighten the skins appearance and address hyperpigmentation. Vitamin C can also help in collagen synthesis, improving skin texture and elasticity, which helps reduce the appearance of dark circles. Use vitamin c daily to help boost brightness and address pigmentation under the eyes.
If you’re looking for an instant fix, reach for your trusty concealer. For example, to effectively conceal dark circles, you can start by applying a lightweight, hydrating concealer that matches your skin tone. Dab it gently under the eyes using your ring finger or a small makeup brush, focusing on the inner corners where shadows are often darkest.
Struggling with pigmentation in other areas of the face? Use the Super Facialist Skin Perfecting Primer to help colour correct and even out tone. This primer not only smooths and preps the skin, creating a flawless base for makeup application but also helps to lock in moisture and give your skin a natural, healthy looking glow.
Known for its hydrating properties, hyaluronic acid attracts moisture, helping to plump the skin. As a result, this can help minimise the appearance of hollowness and shadows.
These amino acid chains are essential for collagen production, which strengthens the skin barrier. Therefore by incorporating peptides into your eye care routine, you can promote skin elasticity and help reduce the appearance of dark circles.
Gently massaging the eye area can help stimulate the lymphatic system, helping to drain excess fluid and reduce puffiness. Concentrating on the orbital bone, gently massage around the eye area. Be careful not to press too hard around this delicate area as the skin is thin and sensitive.
High salt consumption can lead to excess water retention, which shows up as puffiness and swelling. Reducing the salt intake in your diet can help alleviate this issue, for example swapping out high-sodium snacks for fresh fruits and vegetables, using herbs and spices for seasoning instead of salt, or choosing low-sodium alternatives in your meals.
Sleep deprivation and not getting enough quality sleep can contribute to dark under eye circles. When we don’t get enough sleep, our body experiences vasodilatation and increased blood flow which cases the under eyes to dilate and creates a bluish tint beneath the eyes. Therefore by ensuring you are getting around 7 hours of sleep a night, you can help reduce the appearance of dark circles (plus you’ll feel well rested!).
UV exposure can worsen pigmentation and break down collagen, exacerbating dark circles. Always apply a broad-spectrum SPF daily to protect your skin from the sun's harmful rays.
Dark circles may be a common skin concern, but there are ways you can help reduce them. By understanding the science behind their formation and taking targeted action, you can effectively reduce their appearance. Whether through a consistent skincare routine, lifestyle changes, or professional treatments, there are numerous ways to brighten your under-eye area and achieve a refreshed, well-rested look.
In conclusion, remember, addressing the root cause of your dark circles is key to finding the most effective solution.
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